Transients

22:41 / Posted by tech data /

The term transients has long been used in the analysis of power system
variations to denote an event that is undesirable and momentary in
nature. The notion of a damped oscillatory transient due to an RLC
network is probably what most power engineers think of when they
hear the word transient.

Other definitions in common use are broad in scope and simply state
that a transient is “that part of the change in a variable that disappears
during transition from one steady state operating condition to
another.”8 Unfortunately, this definition could be used to describe just
about anything unusual that happens on the power system.
Another word in common usage that is often considered synonymous
with transient is surge. A utility engineer may think of a surge as the
transient resulting from a lightning stroke for which a surge arrester
is used for protection. End users frequently use the word indiscriminantly
to describe anything unusual that might be observed on the
power supply ranging from sags to swells to interruptions. Because
there are many potential ambiguities with this word in the power quality
field, we will generally avoid using it unless we have specifically
defined what it refers to.

Broadly speaking, transients can be classified into two categories,
impulsive and oscillatory. These terms reflect the waveshape of a current
or voltage transient. We will describe these two categories in more detail.

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